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Anil Chauhan

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General
Anil Chauhan
PVSM UYSM AVSM SM VSM
Official portrait, 2022
2nd Chief of Defence Staff
Incumbent
Assumed office
30 September 2022 (2022-09-30)[1]
PresidentDroupadi Murmu
Minister of DefenceRajnath Singh
Preceded byBipin Rawat (2021)
58th Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee
Incumbent
Assumed office
30 September 2022 (2022-09-30)[2]
PresidentDroupadi Murmu
Prime MinisterNarendra Modi
Minister of DefenceRajnath Singh
Preceded byManoj Mukund Naravane (acting)
General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command
In office
1 September 2019 (2019-09-01) – 31 May 2021 (2021-05-31)
Chief of Army Staff
Preceded byManoj Mukund Naravane
Succeeded byManoj Pande
Personal details
Born (1961-05-18) 18 May 1961 (age 64)
Gwana, Pauri Garhwal district, Uttar Pradesh (present–day Uttarakhand), India
[3]
SpouseAnupama Chauhan
Children1
Military service
Allegiance India
Branch/service Indian Army
Years of service13 June 1981 – 31 May 2021
30 September 2022 – present (as CDS)
Rank General
Unit 11th Gorkha Rifles
Commands
Service numberIC-39492A
Awards

General Anil Chauhan PVSM UYSM AVSM SM VSM (born 18 May 1961) is a four-star general of the Indian Army, who is the current and 2nd Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces, since 30 September 2022.[4][5][6]

On 28 September 2022, Gen Chauhan was recalled from retirement and was appointed as Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) by the Narendra Modi-led government, following a June 2022 notification which permitted military retirees under the age of 62 to be qualified for the post.[7] Assuming charge two days later, he became the first three-star retiree to be appointed to the post, traditionally held by a four-star officer.[7] He succeeded General Bipin Rawat, the inaugural holder of the post, who had died in a helicopter crash in December 2021.[8]

Early life

[edit]

Anil Chauhan was born in a Hindu Garhwali Rajput family of Chauhan clan on 18 May 1961, hailing from the Pauri Garhwal district, Uttarakhand.[9] After completing his schooling at Kendriya Vidyalaya at Fort William, Kolkata, he joined the National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla (NDA) as part of the 58 Course in year. He subsequently joined to the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun (IMA) as part of the 68 Course in 1980.[10][11] He is also a graduate of the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, the Higher Command and National Defence College courses.[12]

Military career

[edit]

Gen Chauhan was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the 6th Battalion of the 11th Gorkha Rifles (6/11 GR) on 13 June 1981 from Indian Military Academy, Dehradun. Chauhans's staff and instructional assignments include Instructional tenure at HQ IMTRAT, Bhutan, Military Observer on a UN Mission to Angola, General Staff Officer 1 (Operations) of the Mountain Division, Director, Perspective & Planning (TAS) at Army HQ, Chief of Staff at HQ 15 Corps and Director General of Discipline Ceremonial & Welfare.

As a Major general, he commanded the Baramulla-based 19th Infantry Division of the Northern Command. In 2017, on promotion to the rank of Lieutenant general, he was appointed General officer commanding (GOC) of the Dimapur-based III Corps.[13][14] In January 2018, he was appointed Director General Military Operations (DGMO), during the course of which he oversaw the execution of two key military operations: the 2019 Balakot airstrike against Pakistan and Operation Sunrise (2019) - a joint India-Myanmar counterinsurgency offensive.[15]

On 1 September 2019, he took over as the GOC-in-Chief Eastern Command succeeding Lt Gen Manoj Mukund Naravane upon his elevation as the Vice Chief of Army Staff.[16][17] He superannuated on 31 May 2021 and was succeeded by Lt Gen Manoj Pande.[18] Following his retirement from active military service he served as a military advisor to the National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS), headed by Ajit Doval, India's fifth National Security Advisor.[15]

Operation Sindoor (2025)

He led the Indian Armed Forces in India's military operation against Pakistan codenamed Operation Sindoor in response to 2025 Pahalgam attack done by Pakistan sponsored terrorists from The Resistance Front. [19] On the midnight of 7th May, the Indian Air Force and the Indian Army struck 9 sites deep inside Pakistan and in Pakistan administered Kashmir. Around 140 terrorists were killed in Indian strikes in this 9 sites.[20]. In response to Pakistani shelling in Indian civilian population in Indian administered Jammu & Kashmir, the conflict escalated. During 8-9th May, the Indian Armed Forces carried out SEAD/DEAD operations across Pakistan destroying their air defence radars at multiple locations including HQ-9s at Lahore, Sialkot.[21] In the midnight and daytime hours of 10th May until ceasefire the Indian Air Force carried out atleast 12 airstrikes and drone strikes at PAF airbases, command and control centres, cantonments, UAV storage sites damaging them heavily.[22] According to experts there were heavy jets losses too on the PAF side, Tommy Tamtomo who is the vice chairman of Indonesian Center of Air Power Studies said atleast 9 PAF aircrafts were shot down or destroyed in the conflict.[23] However according to top aerial warfare analyst Tom Cooper, the PAF suffered more losses with 6 aircrafts being shot down and around all total 19 jets destroyed or damaged in the conflict.[24] Around 20% of PAF assets were destroyed due to Indian precision strikes. According to independent satallite image analysis, India suffered no visible damage in its military installations during the conflict.[25][26][27] The losses were heavy enough and on 10th May around 3:35 PM, Pakistan asked for Ceasefire to Indian DGMO Rajiv Ghai.[28] His leadership skills earned immense praise during the operation from international experts and analysts. India's indigenous weapons performance was also praised due to massive success in Operation Sindoor.

Return to military service

[edit]

Chief of Defence Staff

[edit]
See also: 2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash

On 8 December 2021, Gen. Bipin Rawat, the inaugural Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), died when his Mil Mi-17 helicopter carrying him and 13 others, crashed in Coonoor, Tamil Nadu.[29] Gen Rawat, who had only been in the post for twenty-three months, had no immediate successor to him, as the position of CDS had no defined order of succession, which led to it becoming vacant.[30] Amidst growing uncertainty over the impending choice of appointing a successor, the Union Government appointed Gen. Manoj Mukund Naravane, the then-Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), as an acting functionary to the position of Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee (Chairman COSC), as an interim successor in an effort to temporarily oversee Gen Rawat's responsibilities, while simultaneously looking for a successor.[31] Gen Naravane, then the senior most chief amongst the three branches of the armed forces, was himself reported to be a plausible successor; however, his retirement in April 2022 put an end to those speculations.[32][33]

In June 2022, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) issued a gazette notification, which stated that any three-star officer under the age of 62 - lieutenant general, vice admiral or air marshal, whether serving or retired, would be considered qualified candidates eligible to appointed as CDS.[34] The notification subsequently made Gen Chauhan, who had already retired as a lieutenant general at the age of 60, one of the key frontrunners in the pool of qualified candidates.[35] Around the time of the notification's release, Gen Chauhan was one of 14 candidates from the army, comprising both serving and retired commanders, who were eligible for the position.[36]

On 28 September 2022, the MoD released an official statement announcing that Gen Chauhan had been selected as the new CDS, which subsequently concluded the position's nine-month vacancy.[37][38]

On 31 May 2025, Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan, in an interview in Singapore during the Shangri-La Dialogue, addressed Pakistan's claims of having shot down Indian aircraft during Operation Sindoor but dismissed the claim that six jets were downed as absolutely incorrect. Emphasizing operational improvements over losses, he stated: “What is important is that, not the jet being down, but why they were being down,” highlighting the identification and rectification of tactical shortcomings, which enabled India to resume effective airstrikes within 48 hours.[39][40] On 24 September 2025, Appointments Committee of the Cabinet extended his service tenure as the CDS and ex-officio Secretary, Department of Military Affairs up to 30 May 2026 or until further orders, whichever is earlier, from 30 September.[41][42]

Personal life

[edit]

General Chauhan is married to Anupama, an artist.[10] The couple have a daughter, Pragya.[10] An art enthusiast, he is a keen admirer of Tibetan art, a fact which he attributed to his wife.[10] As a general officer and later as CDS, Gen Chauhan's life bore several similarities to Gen Rawat's; both men were commissioned in the same regiment, the 11th Gorkha Rifles and also hailed from the same ancestral region, the Pauri Garhwal district.[43] As fellow officers, Gen Rawat was said to have held Gen Chauhan with high esteem; in 2022, when a military garrison along the Line of Actual Control was renamed after him, Gen Chauhan was amongst the dignitaries present at the renaming ceremony.[44][45] Chauhan is also said to be close with Ajit Doval, with whom he had closely worked with during his retirement.[46]

Apart from his service in the military, Gen Chauhan authored two books: Aftermath of A Nuclear Attack - an analytic detailing the effects of a nuclear fallout, which was published in 2010 and History of 11 Gorkha Rifles Regimental Centre, a chronicle of the regiment he wrote during his stint as its commander.[10][47] According to Chauhan's known acquaintances, he is reputed to be an steady golfer and an ardent collector of masks.[48][49]

Honours and decorations

[edit]
President Kovind presenting the Param Vishisht Seva Medal to Lt. General Anil Chauhan.

Over the span of his military career across four decades, Gen Chauhan received numerous military decorations. He was awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal in 2011, the Sena Medal in 2014, the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2015, the Uttam Yudh Seva Medal in 2018, and the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2020.[50][51][52]

Param Vishisht Seva Medal Uttam Yudh Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal Sena Medal Vishisht Seva Medal
Samanya Seva Medal Special Service Medal Operation Parakram Medal Sainya Seva Medal
High Altitude Service Medal Videsh Seva Medal 75th Anniversary of Independence Medal 50th Anniversary of Independence Medal
30 Years Long Service Medal 20 Years Long Service Medal 9 Years Long Service Medal MONUA

Dates of rank

[edit]
Insignia Rank Component Date of rank
Second Lieutenant Indian Army 13 June 1981[53]
Lieutenant Indian Army 13 June 1983[54]
Captain Indian Army 13 June 1986[55]
Major Indian Army 13 June 1992[56]
Lieutenant-Colonel Indian Army 16 December 2004[57]
Colonel Indian Army 1 October 2005[58]
Brigadier Indian Army 1 June 2009 (seniority from 8 June 2008)[59]
Major General Indian Army 1 January 2014 (seniority from 7 October 2011)[60]
Lieutenant General Indian Army 1 July 2016[61]
General
(CDS)		 Indian Armed Forces
(tri-service)		 30 September 2022 [62]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ "Government appoints Lt General Anil Chauhan (Retired) as Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)". Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  3. ^ "Lt Gen Chauhan's village in Uttarakhand celebrates his appointment as CDS". Deccan Herald. 29 September 2022. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
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