Heats of fusion of the elements (data page)
Appearance
Heat of fusion
[edit]| kJ/mol | |
|---|---|
| 1 H hydrogen (H2) | |
| use | (H2) 0.1 |
| CRC | (H2) 0.12 |
| LNG | (H2) 0.117 |
| WEL | (per mol H atoms) 0.0585 |
| 2 He helium | |
| use | 0.0138 |
| LNG | 0.0138 |
| WEL | 0.02 |
| 3 Li lithium | |
| use | 3.00 |
| CRC | 3.00 |
| LNG | 3.00 |
| WEL | 3.0 |
| 4 Be beryllium | |
| use | 7.895 |
| CRC | 7.895 |
| LNG | 7.895 |
| WEL | 7.95 |
| 5 B boron | |
| use | 50.2 |
| CRC | 50.2 |
| LNG | 50.2 |
| WEL | 50 |
| 6 C carbon (graphite) | |
| use | (graphite) 117 |
| CRC | (graphite) 117 |
| LNG | (graphite) 117 |
| 7 N nitrogen (N2) | |
| use | (N2) 0.720 |
| CRC | (N2) 0.71 |
| LNG | (N2) 0.720 |
| WEL | (per mol N atoms) 0.36 |
| 8 O oxygen (O2) | |
| use | (O2) 0.444 |
| CRC | (O2) 0.44 |
| LNG | (O2) 0.444 |
| WEL | (per mol O atoms) 0.222 |
| 9 F fluorine (F2) | |
| use | (F2) 0.510 |
| CRC | (F2) 0.51 |
| LNG | (F2) 0.510 |
| WEL | (per mol F atoms) 0.26 |
| 10 Ne neon | |
| use | 0.335 |
| CRC | 0.328 |
| LNG | 0.335 |
| WEL | 0.34 |
| 11 Na sodium | |
| use | 2.60 |
| CRC | 2.60 |
| LNG | 2.60 |
| WEL | 2.60 |
| 12 Mg magnesium | |
| use | 8.48 |
| CRC | 8.48 |
| LNG | 8.48 |
| WEL | 8.7 |
| 13 Al aluminium | |
| use | 10.71 |
| CRC | 10.789 |
| LNG | 10.71 |
| WEL | 10.7 |
| 14 Si silicon | |
| use | 50.21 |
| CRC | 50.21 |
| LNG | 50.21 |
| WEL | 50.2 |
| 15 P phosphorus | |
| use | 0.66 |
| CRC | (white) 0.66 |
| LNG | 0.66 |
| WEL | 0.64 |
| 16 S sulfur | |
| use | (mono) 1.727 |
| CRC | (mono) 1.72 |
| LNG | (mono) 1.727 |
| WEL | 1.73 |
| 17 Cl chlorine (Cl2) | |
| use | (Cl2) 6.406 |
| CRC | (Cl2) 6.40 |
| LNG | (Cl2) 6.406 |
| WEL | (per mol Cl atoms) 3.2 |
| 18 Ar argon | |
| use | 1.18 |
| CRC | 1.18 |
| LNG | 1.12 |
| WEL | 1.18 |
| 19 K potassium | |
| use | 2.321 |
| CRC | 2.33 |
| LNG | 2.321 |
| WEL | 2.33 |
| 20 Ca calcium | |
| use | 8.54 |
| CRC | 8.54 |
| LNG | 8.54 |
| WEL | 8.54 |
| 21 Sc scandium | |
| use | 14.1 |
| CRC | 14.1 |
| LNG | 14.1 |
| WEL | 16 |
| 22 Ti titanium | |
| use | 14.15 |
| CRC | 14.15 |
| LNG | 14.15 |
| WEL | 18.7 |
| 23 V vanadium | |
| use | 21.5 |
| CRC | 21.5 |
| LNG | 21.5 |
| WEL | 22.8 |
| 24 Cr chromium | |
| use | 21.0 |
| CRC | 21.0 |
| LNG | 21.0 |
| WEL | 20.5 |
| 25 Mn manganese | |
| use | 12.91 |
| CRC | 12.91 |
| LNG | 12.9 |
| WEL | 13.2 |
| 26 Fe iron | |
| use | 13.81 |
| CRC | 13.81 |
| LNG | 13.81 |
| WEL | 13.8 |
| 27 Co cobalt | |
| use | 16.06 |
| CRC | 16.06 |
| LNG | 16.2 |
| WEL | 16.2 |
| 28 Ni nickel | |
| use | 17.48 |
| CRC | 17.04 |
| LNG | 17.48 |
| WEL | 17.2 |
| 29 Cu copper | |
| use | 13.26 |
| CRC | 12.93 |
| LNG | 13.26 |
| WEL | 13.1 |
| 30 Zn zinc | |
| use | 7.32 |
| CRC | 7.068 |
| LNG | 7.32 |
| WEL | 7.35 |
| 31 Ga gallium | |
| use | 5.59 |
| CRC | 5.576 |
| LNG | 5.59 |
| WEL | 5.59 |
| 32 Ge germanium | |
| use | 36.94 |
| CRC | 36.94 |
| LNG | 36.94 |
| WEL | 31.8 |
| 33 As arsenic | |
| use | (gray) 24.44 |
| CRC | (gray) 24.44 |
| LNG | 24.44 |
| WEL | 27.7 |
| 34 Se selenium | |
| use | (gray) 6.69 |
| CRC | (gray) 6.69 |
| LNG | 6.69 |
| WEL | 5.4 |
| 35 Br bromine (Br2) | |
| use | (Br2) 10.57 |
| CRC | (Br2) 10.57 |
| LNG | (Br2) 10.57 |
| WEL | (per mol Br atoms) 5.8 |
| 36 Kr krypton | |
| use | 1.64 |
| CRC | 1.64 |
| LNG | 1.37 |
| WEL | 1.64 |
| 37 Rb rubidium | |
| use | 2.19 |
| CRC | 2.19 |
| LNG | 2.19 |
| WEL | 2.19 |
| 38 Sr strontium | |
| use | 7.43 |
| CRC | 7.43 |
| LNG | 7.43 |
| WEL | 8 |
| 39 Y yttrium | |
| use | 11.42 |
| CRC | 11.4 |
| LNG | 11.42 |
| WEL | 11.4 |
| 40 Zr zirconium | |
| use | 14 |
| [1] | 13.96 ± 0.36 |
| CRC | 21.00 |
| LNG | 21.00 |
| WEL | 21 |
| 41 Nb niobium | |
| use | 30 |
| CRC | 30 |
| LNG | 30 |
| WEL | 26.8 |
| 42 Mo molybdenum | |
| use | 37.48 |
| CRC | 37.48 |
| LNG | 37.48 |
| WEL | 36 |
| 43 Tc technetium | |
| use | 33.29 |
| CRC | 33.29 |
| LNG | 33.29 |
| WEL | 23 |
| 44 Ru ruthenium | |
| use | 38.59 |
| CRC | 38.59 |
| LNG | 38.59 |
| WEL | 25.7 |
| 45 Rh rhodium | |
| use | 26.59 |
| CRC | 26.59 |
| LNG | 26.59 |
| WEL | 21.7 |
| 46 Pd palladium | |
| use | 16.74 |
| CRC | 16.74 |
| LNG | 16.74 |
| WEL | 16.7 |
| 47 Ag silver | |
| use | 11.28 |
| CRC | 11.28 |
| LNG | 11.95 |
| WEL | 11.3 |
| 48 Cd cadmium | |
| use | 6.21 |
| CRC | 6.21 |
| LNG | 6.19 |
| WEL | 6.3 |
| 49 In indium | |
| use | 3.281 |
| CRC | 3.281 |
| LNG | 3.28 |
| WEL | 3.26 |
| 50 Sn tin | |
| use | (white) 7.03 |
| CRC | (white) 7.173 |
| LNG | (white) 7.03 |
| WEL | 7.0 |
| 51 Sb antimony | |
| use | 19.79 |
| CRC | 19.79 |
| LNG | 19.87 |
| WEL | 19.7 |
| 52 Te tellurium | |
| use | 17.49 |
| CRC | 17.49 |
| LNG | 17.49 |
| WEL | 17.5 |
| 53 I iodine (I2) | |
| use | (I2) 15.52 |
| CRC | (I2) 15.52 |
| LNG | (I2) 150.66 [sic] |
| WEL | (per mol I atoms) 7.76 |
| 54 Xe xenon | |
| use | 2.27 |
| CRC | 2.27 |
| LNG | 1.81 |
| WEL | 2.30 |
| 55 Cs caesium | |
| use | 2.09 |
| CRC | 2.09 |
| LNG | 2.09 |
| WEL | 2.09 |
| 56 Ba barium | |
| use | 7.12 |
| CRC | 7.12 |
| LNG | 7.12 |
| WEL | 8.0 |
| 57 La lanthanum | |
| use | 6.20 |
| CRC | 6.20 |
| LNG | 6.20 |
| WEL | 6.2 |
| 58 Ce cerium | |
| use | 5.46 |
| CRC | 5.46 |
| LNG | 5.46 |
| WEL | 5.5 |
| 59 Pr praseodymium | |
| use | 6.89 |
| CRC | 6.89 |
| LNG | 6.89 |
| WEL | 6.9 |
| 60 Nd neodymium | |
| use | 7.14 |
| CRC | 7.14 |
| LNG | 7.14 |
| WEL | 7.1 |
| 61 Pm promethium | |
| use | 7.13 |
| LNG | 7.13 |
| WEL | about 7.7 |
| 62 Sm samarium | |
| use | 8.62 |
| CRC | 8.62 |
| LNG | 8.62 |
| WEL | 8.6 |
| 63 Eu europium | |
| use | 9.21 |
| CRC | 9.21 |
| LNG | 9.21 |
| WEL | 9.2 |
| 64 Gd gadolinium | |
| use | 10.05 |
| CRC | 10.0 |
| LNG | 10.05 |
| WEL | 10.0 |
| 65 Tb terbium | |
| use | 10.15 |
| CRC | 10.15 |
| LNG | 10.15 |
| WEL | 10.8 |
| 66 Dy dysprosium | |
| use | 11.06 |
| CRC | 11.06 |
| LNG | 11.06 |
| WEL | 11.1 |
| 67 Ho holmium | |
| use | 17.0 |
| CRC | 17.0 |
| LNG | 16.8 |
| WEL | 17.0 |
| 68 Er erbium | |
| use | 19.90 |
| CRC | 19.9 |
| LNG | 19.90 |
| WEL | 19.9 |
| 69 Tm thulium | |
| use | 16.84 |
| CRC | 16.84 |
| LNG | 16.84 |
| WEL | 16.8 |
| 70 Yb ytterbium | |
| use | 7.66 |
| CRC | 7.66 |
| LNG | 7.66 |
| WEL | 7.7 |
| 71 Lu lutetium | |
| use | ca. 22 |
| CRC | 22 |
| LNG | (22) |
| WEL | about 22 |
| 72 Hf hafnium | |
| use | 27.2 |
| CRC | 27.2 |
| LNG | 27.2 |
| WEL | 25.5 |
| 73 Ta tantalum | |
| use | 36.57 |
| CRC | 36.57 |
| LNG | 36.57 |
| WEL | 36 |
| 74 W tungsten | |
| use | 52.31 |
| CRC | 52.31 |
| LNG | 52.31 |
| WEL | 35 |
| 75 Re rhenium | |
| use | 60.43 |
| CRC | 60.43 |
| LNG | 60.43 |
| WEL | 33 |
| 76 Os osmium | |
| use | 57.85 |
| CRC | 57.85 |
| LNG | 57.85 |
| WEL | 31 |
| 77 Ir iridium | |
| use | 41.12 |
| CRC | 41.12 |
| LNG | 41.12 |
| WEL | 26 |
| 78 Pt platinum | |
| use | 22.17 |
| CRC | 22.17 |
| LNG | 22.17 |
| WEL | 20 |
| 79 Au gold | |
| use | 12.55 |
| CRC | 12.72 |
| LNG | 12.55 |
| WEL | 12.5 |
| 80 Hg mercury | |
| use | 2.29 |
| CRC | 2.29 |
| LNG | 2.29 |
| WEL | 2.29 |
| 81 Tl thallium | |
| use | 4.14 |
| CRC | 4.14 |
| LNG | 4.14 |
| WEL | 4.2 |
| 82 Pb lead | |
| use | 4.77 |
| CRC | 4.782 |
| LNG | 4.77 |
| WEL | 4.77 |
| 83 Bi bismuth | |
| use | 11.30 |
| CRC | 11.145 |
| LNG | 11.30 |
| WEL | 10.9 |
| 84 Po polonium | |
| use | ca. 13 |
| WEL | about 13 |
| 85 At astatine | |
| use | |
| WEL | (per mol At atoms) about 6 |
| 86 Rn radon | |
| use | 3.247 |
| LNG | 3.247 |
| WEL | 3 |
| 87 Fr francium | |
| use | ca. 2 |
| WEL | about 2 |
| 88 Ra radium | |
| use | 8.5 |
| LNG | 8.5 |
| WEL | about 8 |
| 89 Ac actinium | |
| use | 14 |
| WEL | 14 |
| 90 Th thorium | |
| use | 13.81 |
| CRC | 13.81 |
| LNG | 13.81 |
| WEL | 16 |
| 91 Pa protactinium | |
| use | 12.34 |
| CRC | 12.34 |
| LNG | 12.34 |
| WEL | 15 |
| 92 U uranium | |
| use | 9.14 |
| CRC | 9.14 |
| LNG | 9.14 |
| WEL | 14 |
| 93 Np neptunium | |
| use | 3.20 |
| CRC | 3.20 |
| LNG | 3.20 |
| WEL | 10 |
| 94 Pu plutonium | |
| use | 2.82 |
| CRC | 2.82 |
| LNG | 2.82 |
| 95 Am americium | |
| use | 14.39 |
| CRC | 14.39 |
| LNG | 14.39 |
Notes
[edit]- Values refer to the enthalpy change between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the melting point (normal, 101.325 kPa).
References
[edit]CRC
[edit]As quoted from various sources in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Enthalpy of Fusion
LNG
[edit]As quoted from various sources in:
- J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6, Thermodynamic Properties; Table 6.4, Heats of Fusion, Vaporization, and Sublimation and Specific Heat at Various Temperatures of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
WEL
[edit]As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
- G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
- D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
- H. Ellis (Ed.) in Nuffield Advanced Science Book of Data, Longman, London, UK, 1972.