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Innu

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Innu
Jimlar yawan jama'a
23,287
Kabilu masu alaƙa
indigenous peoples in Canada (en) Fassara
Innu, Ilnu / assi"mutum" / "ƙasa"
Mutumin Innu / Ilnu
Mutane Innut / Innuat / Ilnuatsh
Harshe Innu-aimun
Kasar Nitassinan

Innu / ("mutane"), wanda ake kira Montagnais daga zamanin mulkin mallaka na Faransa (Faransanci don "mutane na dutse", furcin Turanci: /ˌmɔːntənˈjɛ/), su ne 'Yan asalin Kanada waɗanda ke zaune a yankin a arewa maso gabashin yankin Labrador a lardin Newfoundland da Labrador na yanzu da wasu sassan Quebec. Suna magana ne game da ƙasarsu ta gargajiya kamar Nitassinan ("Ƙasarmu",) ko Innu-assi ("Ƙasar Innu").

An san kakannin al'ummomin farko na zamani da suka zauna a waɗannan ƙasashe a matsayin mafarauta masu tarawa na dubban shekaru. Don tallafawa ƙaurawar farautarsu ta yanayi, sun kirkiro alfarwa da aka yi da fatar dabbobi. Ayyukansu na rayuwa sun kasance a tarihi akan farauta da kama deer" Caribou, Moose, deer, da ƙananan wasanni.

Harshensu, wanda ya canza a tsawon lokaci daga Tsohon Montagnais zuwa Innu-aimun (wanda aka fi sani da shi tun zamanin mulkin mallaka na Faransa kamar Montagnais), [1] ana magana da shi a ko'ina cikin Nitassinan, tare da wasu bambance-bambance na yare. Yana daga cikin yaren Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi, kuma ba shi da alaƙa da yarukan Inuit na wasu mutanen da ke kusa.

"Innu / Ilnu" sun kunshi kungiyoyi biyu na yanki, tare da Innus na Nutashkuan kasancewa ƙungiyar kudu kuma Naskapi kasancewa ƙungiyar arewa. Dukkanin kungiyoyin sun bambanta a cikin yaren kuma a wani bangare kuma a hanyar rayuwarsu da al'adu. Wadannan bambance-bambance sun hada da:

  • Ilnu, Nehilaw ko "Yamma / Kudancin Montagnais" a kudu, suna magana da "l"- yaren (Ilnu-Aimun ko Nenueun / Neːhlweːuːn), da kuma
  • Innu ko "Eastern Montagnais" ("Central / Moisie Montagnais", "Easth / Lower North Shore Montagnais"), da kuma "Labrador / North West River Montagnais") suna zaune a arewacin; suna magana da "n"-dialect (Innu-Aimun)

Dukkanin kungiyoyin har yanzu ana kiransu "Montagnais" a cikin harshen hukuma na Crown-Indigenous Relations da Northern Affairs Canada. Naskapi ("mutane da suka wuce sararin samaniya", ː), waɗanda ke zaune a arewa, suma suna nuna kansu a matsayin Innu ko Iyiyiw .

A yau, kimanin mutane 28,960 na asalin Innu suna zaune a ƙauyuka da wuraren ajiya daban-daban na Indiya a Quebec da Labrador. Don kauce wa rikicewa tare da Inuit, waɗanda ke cikin mutanen Eskimoan, a yau ana amfani da nau'i ɗaya "Innu / Ilnu" ga Innu, membobin babban dangin yaren Cree. An watsar da nau'in jam'i na "Innut / Innuat / Ilnuatsh".

Montagnais, Naskapi ko Innu

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yankunan da Innu ke zaune a al'ada. An nuna ƙasar Naskapi a cikin rawaya kuma ƙasar Montagnais a cikin ja

Ana rarraba mutane akai-akai ta hanyar yanayin wuraren da suke:

  • Neenoilno, suna zaune a gefen arewacin Tekun St. Lawrence, a Quebec; a tarihi Turawa sun kira su Montagnais (Faransanci don "mutane", furcin Turanci: /ˌmɔːntənˈjeɪ/), ko Innu daidai (Nehilaw da Ilniw - "mutane")
  • Naskapi (wanda aka fi sani da Innu da Iyiyiw), suna zaune a arewacin arewa kuma ba su da yawa. Innu sun gane bambance-bambance da yawa tsakanin mutanensu (misali Mushuau Innuat, Maskuanu, Uashau Innuat) bisa ga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na yanki da masu magana da yaruka daban-daban nke harshen Innu.
    Al'ummomin Innu na Quebec da Labrador da al'ummomin Naskapi guda biyu (Kawawachikamach da Natuashish)

Kalmar Naskapi an fara rubuta ta ne daga Masu mulkin mallaka na Faransa a karni na 17. Sun yi amfani da shi ga kungiyoyin Innu masu nisa waɗanda ba su da ikon tasirin mishan na Katolika. An yi amfani da shi musamman ga mutanen da ke zaune a ƙasashen da ke kan iyaka da Ungava Bay da arewacin Labrador, kusa da al'ummomin Inuit na arewacin Quebec da arewacin labrador. A hankali ya zo ya koma ga mutanen da aka sani a yau da Naskapi First Nation .

Naskapi al'adun gargajiya ne, ya bambanta da Montagnais masu zaman kansu, waɗanda suka kafa yankuna masu zaman kansu.

Mushuau Innuat (jama'a), yayin da yake da alaƙa da Naskapi, ya rabu da kabilar a cikin shekarun 1900. Sun kasance ƙarƙashin shirin sake komawa gwamnati a Davis Inlet . Wasu daga cikin iyalai na Naskapi Nation na Kawawachikamach suna da dangi na kusa a ƙauyen Cree na Whapmagoostui, a gabashin gabar Hudson Bay.

Tun daga shekara ta 1990, mutanen Montagnais sun zaɓi a kira su Innu, wanda ke nufin Mutumin a cikin Innu-aimun. Naskapi sun ci gaba da amfani da kalmar Naskapi.

Al'ummomin Innu

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Al'ummomin Labrador

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Mutanen[lower-alpha 1] Yawan jama'a (2024)
Tsaro ko Tsaro
Gidauniyar 		A kan yawan jama'a (2024)
Yankin ajiya
ha acre murabba'in mi
Mushuau Innu Al'umma ta farko[3] 1,210 Natuashish 2[lower-alpha 2] 1,115|4,267.3 ha (42.67 km2; 16.48 sq mi)
Sheshatshiu Al'umma ta farko[5] 1,994 Sheshatshiu 1,773|804 ha (8.04 km2; 3.10 sq mi)

Al'ummomin Quebec

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kwamitin kabilanci na Mamit Innuat

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kimanin mambobi 3,700

Mutanen da ke zaune Yawan jama'a (2024)
Tsaro ko Tsaro
Gidauniyar 		A kan yawan jama'a (2024)
Yankin ajiya
ha acre murabba'in mi
Innus na Ekuanitshit[6] 732 Mingan 672|3,838 ha (38.38 km2; 14.82 sq mi)
Al'ummar Innu ta farko ta Nutashkuan[7] 1,274 Nutashkuan 1,148|118.9 ha (1.19 km2; 0.46 sq mi)
Montagnais na Pakua Shipi (St-Augustin Indian Settlement) [8] 413 Pakuashipi[lower-alpha 3] 41|0 ha (0 km2; 0 sq mi)
Mutanen tsaunuka na Unamen Shipu[9] 1,286 Romawa 2[lower-alpha 4] 1,135|69.4 ha (0.69 km2; 0.27 sq mi)

Majalisar ƙabilar Mamuitun

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Fiye da mambobi 23,000

Mutanen da ke zaune Yawan jama'a (2024)
Tsaro ko Tsaro
Gidauniyar 		A kan yawan jama'a (2024)
Yankin ajiya
ha acre murabba'in mi
Al'ummar Innu ta Matimekush-Lac John[10] 1,065 Lac-John 3,621| 23.5 ha (0.24 km2; 0.09 sq mi)
65.4 ha (0.65 km2; 0.25 sq mi)
Innu Takuaikan Uashat Mak Mani-Utenam[11] 5,039 Maliotenam 27A 3,621|527 ha (5.27 km2; 2.03 sq mi)
210 ha (2.10 km2; 0.81 sq mi)
Innue Essipit[12] 2,032 Innue Essipit 261|86.5 ha (0.87 km2; 0.33 sq mi)
Al'ummar farko ta Pekuakamiulnuatsh[13] 11,037 Mashteuiatsh 2,115|1,626.9 ha (16.27 km2; 6.28 sq mi)
Pessamit Innu Band[14] 4,185 Betsiamites (Pessamit) 2,849|25,205 ha (252.05 km2; 97.32 sq mi)
  1. ↑ "Innu-Aimun - the language of the Innu (Montagnais)". Archived from the original on 2011-09-30.
  2. ↑ Higgins, Jenny (2008). "Innu Rights and Government in Labrador". Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  3. ↑ "Registered Population - Mushuau Innu First Nation". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  4. ↑ "Davis Inlet Innu get new home". Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta (AMMSA). 1996. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Registered Population - Sheshatshiu Innu First Nation". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  6. ↑ "Registered Population - Les Innus de Ekuanitshit". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  7. ↑ "Registered Population - Première Nation des Innus de Nutashkuan". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  8. ↑ "Registered Population - Montagnais de Pakua Shipi". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  9. ↑ "Registered Population - Montagnais de Pakua Shipi". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  10. ↑ "Registered Population - La Nation Innu Matimekush-Lac John". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  11. ↑ "Registered Population - Innu Takuaikan Uashat Mak Mani-Utenam". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  12. ↑ "Registered Population - Essipit". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  13. ↑ "Registered Population - Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsht". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  14. ↑ "Registered Population - Bande des Innus de Pessamit". fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca. Government of Canada; Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Communications Branch. 2024-05-03. Retrieved June 15, 2024.


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