Metaflumizone
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| Trade names | ProMeris, Alverde |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.107.480 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C24H16F6N4O2 |
| Molar mass | 506.408 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Metaflumizone is a semicarbazone broad-spectrum insecticide developed by Nihon Nohyaku with activity on Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and certain Hemiptera.[1] It is also used for the veterinary treatment of fleas and ticks, marketed under the brand name ProMeris. A discontinued variant of ProMeris, called ProMeris Duo or Promeris for Dogs, was indicated for canine use and was a formulated blend of metaflumizone and amitraz.[2] The metaflumizone-only formulation is waterproof and typically remain effective for 30–45 days in a cutaneous application at the base of the neck.
Similar insecticides
[edit]Metaflumizone is chemically similar to pyrazoline sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) discovered at Philips-Duphar in the early 1970s, but is less dangerous to mammals than earlier compounds.[3]
Action
[edit]Metaflumizone belongs to IRAC group 22B and works by blocking sodium channels in target insects, resulting in flaccid paralysis. Metaflumizone blocks sodium channels by binding selectively to the slow-inactivated state, which is characteristic of the SCBIs.[3] The toxin has been tested for efficacy against Spodoptera eridania moths[3] and is indicated for control of fleas and ticks. However, in a cross comparison with other veterinary flea control substances, Metaflumizone was not shown to result in a significant reduction in the number of engorged adult female Culex mosquitoes.[4] Therefore, its usefulness as a heartworm control treatment is likely to be insignificant when compared with comparable treatments such as selamectin that do impact the mosquito disease vector.
Adverse effects reported
[edit]In 2011, Pfizer Animal Care decided to cease production of the drug based on findings which linked its use to an elevated incidence of the autoimmune disorder pemphigus foliaceus.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Jeschke P, Witschel M, Krämer W, Schirmer U, eds. (25 January 2019). "33.4.2 Semicarbazone Insecticides: Metaflumizone". Modern Crop Protection Compounds (3rd ed.). Wiley-VCH. pp. 1440–1448. doi:10.1002/9783527699261. ISBN 978-3-527-69926-1.
- ^ "Metaflumizone (ProMeris and ProMeris Duo) for Dogs and Cats". PetPlace Drug Library.
- ^ a b c Salgado VL, Hayashi JH (December 2007). "Metaflumizone is a novel sodium channel blocker insecticide". Veterinary Parasitology. 150 (3): 182–189. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.032. PMID 17959312.
- ^ Bouhsira E, Fysikopoulos A, Franc M (August 2009). "Efficacy of fipronil-(S)-methoprene, metaflumizone combined with amitraz, and pyriprole commercial spot-on products in preventing Culex pipiens pipiens from feeding on dogs". The Veterinary Record. 165 (5): 135–137. doi:10.1136/vr.165.5.135. PMID 19648637.
- ^ Tremayne J (18 April 2011). "Study Links ProMeris to Pemphigus Foliaceus; Pfizer Stopping Its Production". Veterinary Practice News. California, United States: BowTie. Retrieved 26 April 2011.
External links
[edit]- Metaflumizone in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)