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oneAPI (compute acceleration)

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For other uses, see OneAPI (disambiguation).
oneAPI
Repositorygithub.com/oneapi-src
Operating systemCross-platform
PlatformCross-platform
TypeOpen-source software specification for parallel programming
Websitewww.oneapi.io Edit this at Wikidata

oneAPI is an open standard, adopted by Intel,[1] for a unified application programming interface (API) intended to be used across different computing accelerator (coprocessor) architectures, including GPUs, AI accelerators and field-programmable gate arrays. It is intended to eliminate the need for developers to maintain separate code bases, multiple programming languages, tools, and workflows for each architecture.[2][3][4][5]

oneAPI competes with other GPU computing stacks: CUDA by Nvidia and ROCm by AMD.

Specification

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The oneAPI specification extends existing developer programming models to enable multiple hardware architectures through a data-parallel language, a set of library APIs, and a low-level hardware interface to support cross-architecture programming. It builds upon industry standards and provides an open, cross-platform developer stack.[6][7]

Data Parallel C++

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DPC++[8][9] is a programming language implementation of oneAPI, built upon the ISO C++ and Khronos Group SYCL standards.[10] DPC++ is an implementation of SYCL with extensions that are proposed for inclusion in future revisions of the SYCL standard, including: unified shared memory, group algorithms, and sub-groups.[11][12][13]

Libraries

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The set of APIs[6] spans several domains, including libraries for linear algebra, deep learning, machine learning, video processing, and others.

Library Name Short

Name

Description
oneAPI DPC++ Library oneDPL Algorithms and functions to speed DPC++ kernel programming
oneAPI Math Kernel Library oneMKL Math routines including matrix algebra, FFT, and vector math
oneAPI Data Analytics Library oneDAL Machine learning and data analytics functions
oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library oneDNN Neural networks functions for deep learning training and inference
oneAPI Collective Communications Library oneCCL Communication patterns for distributed deep learning
oneAPI Threading Building Blocks oneTBB Threading and memory management template library
oneAPI Video Processing Library oneVPL Real-time video encode, decode, transcode, and processing

The source code of parts of the above libraries is available on GitHub.[14]

The oneAPI documentation also lists the "Level Zero" API defining the low-level direct-to-metal interfaces and a set of ray tracing components with its own APIs.[6]

Licensing

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The licensing of oneAPI components falls into three major categories: open‑source permissive licences, proprietary vendor licences, and hybrid models that combine elements of both. Here an overview of some components:

Component Typical license / notes Source URL
oneAPI Threading Building Blocks (oneTBB) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source project under UXL Foundation” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneTBB
oneAPI Data Analytics Library (oneDAL) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source; Intel toolkit binaries may use Intel EULA” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneDAL
oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source under UXL Foundation” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneDNN
oneAPI DPC++ Library (oneDPL) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source data‑parallel algorithms library” https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneDPL
oneAPI Math Library (oneMath) “Apache 2.0 – unified math interface library” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneMath
oneAPI Math Kernel Library (oneMKL) “Intel Simplified Software License (ISSL) – binary redistribution under Intel terms” https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/tool/onemkl-license-faq.html
oneAPI Collective Communications Library (oneCCL) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source communication layer” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneCCL
oneAPI Video Processing Library (oneVPL) “Apache 2.0 – open‑source media‑processing interface” https://github.com/uxlfoundation/oneVPL
oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler “Open‑source front‑end under Apache 2.0 with LLVM exceptions; Intel binaries under Intel EULA” https://github.com/intel/llvm
oneAPI Level Zero Loader & Runtime “MIT License – open‑source GPU/accelerator runtime” https://github.com/oneapi-src/level-zero
Intel Integrated Performance Primitives (IPP) “Intel Simplified Software License (ISSL) – closed‑source library in oneAPI toolkit” https://community.intel.com/t5/Intel-oneAPI‑Math‑Kernel‑Library/Using‑community‑license‑of‑Intel‑MKL‑for‑multiple‑users/m-p/1095247
Intel oneAPI Base Toolkit (bundle) “Commercial license (Intel EULA) – free download but subject to Intel’s terms” https://alfasoft.com/ab/software/development-tools/high-performance-computing-hpc/intel-oneapi-base-toolkit/
Intel oneAPI Base & IoT Toolkit (bundle) “Named‑user or seat‑based commercial license under Intel EULA” https://alfasoft.com/ab/software/development-tools/mobile-and-embedded/intel-oneapi-base-iot-toolkit/
Intel oneAPI HPC Toolkit (bundle) “Commercial binaries under Intel EULA/ISSL; not fully open‑source” https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/oneapi/installation-guide-linux/2023-0/list-available-toolkits-components-and-runtime.html
Intel oneAPI IoT Toolkit (bundle) “Commercial license for embedded/IoT workflows (Intel EULA)” https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/oneapi/installation-guide-linux/2023-0/list-available-toolkits-components-and-runtime.html
Intel oneAPI Rendering Toolkit (bundle) “Some sub‑components open‑source (e.g., Embree/OSPRay) under Apache 2.0; toolkit packaging commercial” https://oneapi-src.github.io/oneapi-ci/

Permissive open‑source licences

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These licences (for example the Apache License 2.0) allow broad rights such as use, modification, distribution (in source or binary form) and carry OSI‑approval. Many oneAPI libraries use such licences, enabling community contribution and redistribution under minimal restriction.

Proprietary vendor licences

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Some oneAPI components may be distributed under proprietary or commercial licences (for example Intel’s End‑User Licence Agreement (EULA) or the Intel Simplified Software Licence (ISSL)). Software released under the ISSL license are considered to not fully comply with standard open‑source definitions [15].

Hardware abstraction layer

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oneAPI Level Zero,[16][17][18] the low-level hardware interface, defines a set of capabilities and services that a hardware accelerator needs to interface with compiler runtimes and other developer tools.

Implementations

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Intel has released oneAPI production toolkits that implement the specification and add CUDA code migration, analysis, and debug tools.[19][20][21] These include the Intel oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler,[22] Intel Fortran Compiler, Intel VTune Profiler[23] and multiple performance libraries.

Codeplay has released an open-source layer[24][25][26] to allow oneAPI and SYCL/DPC++ to run atop Nvidia GPUs via CUDA.

University of Heidelberg has developed a SYCL/DPC++ implementation for both AMD and Nvidia GPUs.[27]

Huawei released a DPC++ compiler for their Ascend AI Chipset[28]

Fujitsu has created an open-source ARM version of the oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN)[29] for their Fugaku CPU.

Unified Acceleration Foundation (UXL) and the future for oneAPI

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Unified Acceleration Foundation (UXL) is a new technology consortium that are working on the continuation of the OneAPI initiative, with the goal to create a new open standard accelerator software ecosystem, related open standards and specification projects through Working Groups and Special Interest Groups (SIGs). The goal will compete with Nvidia's CUDA. The main companies behind it are Intel, Google, ARM, Qualcomm, Samsung, Imagination, and VMware.[30]

References

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  1. ^ Fortenberry & Tomov 2022, p. 22.
  2. ^ "Intel Expands its Silicon Portfolio, and oneAPI Software Initiative for Next-Generation HPC". HPCwire. 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  3. ^ "Intel Debuts New GPU – Ponte Vecchio – and Outlines Aspirations for oneAPI". HPCwire. 2019-11-18. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  4. ^ "SC19: Intel Unveils New GPU Stack, oneAPI Development Effort - ExtremeTech". www.extremetech.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  5. ^ Kennedy, Patrick (2018-12-24). "Intel One API to Rule Them All Is Much Needed to Expand TAM". ServeTheHome. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  6. ^ a b c "oneAPI Specification". oneAPI.
  7. ^ "Preparing for the Arrival of Intel's Discrete High-Performance GPUs". HPCwire. 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  8. ^ "Data Parallel C++: Mastering DPC++ for Programming of Heterogeneous Systems Using C++ and SYCL". Apress.
  9. ^ Team, Editorial (2019-12-16). "Heterogeneous Computing Programming: oneAPI and Data Parallel C++". insideBIGDATA. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  10. ^ "The Khronos Group". The Khronos Group. 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  11. ^ "Khronos Steps Towards Widespread Deployment of SYCL with Release of SYCL 2020 Provisional Specification". The Khronos Group. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 2020-07-06.
  12. ^ staff (2020-06-30). "New, Open DPC++ Extensions Complement SYCL and C++". insideHPC. Retrieved 2020-07-06.
  13. ^ "SYCL 2020 Launches with New Name, New Features, and High Ambition". HPCwire. 2021-02-09. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
  14. ^ "oneAPI-SRC". GitHub.
  15. ^ "Licenses that cannot be included in Apache Software Foundation products". www.apache.org. Retrieved 2025-11-05.
  16. ^ Verheyde, Arne (8 December 2019). "Intel Releases Bare-Metal oneAPI Level Zero Specification". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  17. ^ "Intel's Compute Runtime Adds oneAPI Level Zero Support - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2020-03-10.
  18. ^ "Initial Benchmarks With Intel oneAPI Level Zero Performance - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  19. ^ "Intel Champions XPU Vision With oneAPI, Data Center GPUs - SDxCentral". SDxCentral. 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  20. ^ "Intel Debuts oneAPI Gold and Provides More Details on GPU Roadmap". HPCwire. 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  21. ^ Moorhead, Patrick. "Intel Announces Gold Release Of OneAPI Toolkits And New Intel Server GPU". Forbes. Retrieved 2020-12-08.
  22. ^ "Data Parallel C++ for Cross-Architecture Applications". Intel. Retrieved 2021-10-07.
  23. ^ "Fix Performance Bottlenecks with Intel® VTune™ Profiler". Intel. Retrieved 2021-10-07.
  24. ^ "Codeplay Open Sources a Version of DPC++ for Nvidia GPUs". HPCwire. 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
  25. ^ "Intel's oneAPI / DPC++ / SYCL Will Run Atop NVIDIA GPUs With Open-Source Layer - Phoronix". www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2019-12-06.
  26. ^ "Codeplay - Codeplay contribution to DPC++ brings SYCL support for NVIDIA GPUs". www.codeplay.com. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
  27. ^ Salter, Jim (2020-09-30). "Intel, Heidelberg University team up to bring Radeon GPU support to AI". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2021-10-07.
  28. ^ Extending DPC++ with Support for Huawei Ascend AI Chipset, 27 April 2021, retrieved 2021-10-07
  29. ^ fltech (19 November 2020). "A Deep Dive into a Deep Learning Library for the A64FX Fugaku CPU - The Development Story in the Developer's Own Words". fltech - 富士通研究所の技術ブログ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  30. ^ "Exclusive: Behind the plot to break Nvidia's grip on AI by targeting software". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-04-05.

Sources

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