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Voiceless palatal approximant

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Voiceless palatal approximant
j̊
IPA number153 402A
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)j​̊
Unicode (hex)U+006A U+030A
X-SAMPAj_0

Some scholars also posit the voiceless palatal approximant distinct from the fricative, found in a few spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ j̊ ⟩, the voiceless homologue of the voiced palatal approximant.

The palatal approximant can in many cases be considered the semivocalic equivalent of the voiceless variant of the close front unrounded vowel [i̥]. The sound is essentially an Australian English ⟨y⟩ (as in year) pronounced strictly without vibration of the vocal cords.

Occurrence

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It is found as a phoneme in Jalapa Mazatec and Washo as well as in Kildin Sami.

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Breton Bothoa dialect [example needed] Contrasts voiceless /j̊/, plain voiced /j/ and nasal voiced /ȷ̃/ approximants.[1]
Chinese Standard 票 / piào [pj̊äʊ̯˥˩] 'ticket' Common allophony of /j/ after aspirated consonants. Normally transcribed as [pʰj]. See Standard Chinese phonology
English Australian huge [j̊ʉːdʒ] 'huge' H-dropping, also allophone of /j/. See Australian English phonology[2][3]
New Zealand [j̊ʉ(ː)dʒ] H-dropping, also allophone of /j/, also can be [ç] instead. See New Zealand English phonology[4][3]
French pierre [pj̊ʲɛːʀ̝̊]ⓘ 'stone' Devoice allophone of /j/. See French phonology[5]
Icelandic hérna [ˈj̊ɛ(ɾ)tnä] 'here' Dialectal, or in free variation with [ç][6][7][8][9][10]
Jalapa Mazatec[11] [example needed] Contrasts voiceless /j̊/, plain voiced /j/ and glottalized voiced /ȷ̃/ approximants.[11]
Japanese 日 / hi [j̊i] 'day' Colloquial, Allophone of /j/[12][13][14]
Scottish Gaelic[15] a-muigh [əˈmuj̊] 'outside' (directional) Allophone of /j/ and /ʝ/. See Scottish Gaelic phonology
Thai [example needed] Allophone of /j/.[16]
Tibetan Khams Phonemic[17]
Washo t'á:Yaŋi [ˈtʼaːj̊aŋi] 'he's hunting' Contrasts voiceless /j̊/ and voiced /j/ approximants.
Koyukon (Denaakk'e) [example needed] Contrasts voiceless /j̊/ and voiced /j/ approximants.

References

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  1. ^ Iosad, Pavel (2013). Representation and variation in substance-free phonology: A case study in Celtic. Universitetet i Tromso.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ Cox, Felicity; Palethorpe, Sallyanne (2007). Illustrations of the IPA: Australian English (Cambridge University Press ed.). Journal of the International Phonetic Association 37. pp. 341–350.
  3. ^ a b Moran, Steven; McCloy, Daniel (2019). English sound inventory (UZ). Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. ^ Bauer, Laurie; Warren, Paul (2007). Illustrations of the IPA: New Zealand English (Cambridge University Press ed.). Journal of the International Phonetic Association 37. pp. 97–102.
  5. ^ Sten, H (1963). Manuel de Phonetique Francaise. Copenhagen: Munksgaard.
  6. ^ Einarsson, Stefan (1949). Icelandic. John Hopkins Press.
  7. ^ Haugen, Einar (1958). "The Phonemics of Modern Icelandic". Language. 34 1: 55–88. doi:10.2307/411276. JSTOR 411276.
  8. ^ Moran, Steven; McCloy, Daniel, eds. (2019). Icelandic sound inventory (SPA). Stanford Phonology Archive. Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  9. ^ "PHOIBLE 2.0 -". phoible.org. Retrieved 2025-07-25.
  10. ^ "PHOIBLE 2.0 - Consonant j̥". phoible.org. Retrieved 2025-07-25.
  11. ^ a b Silverman et al. (1995), p. 83.
  12. ^ Bloch (1950), p. 86–125.
  13. ^ Jorden (1963).
  14. ^ Jorden (1952).
  15. ^ Bauer, Michael. "Final devoicing or Why does naoidh sound like Nɯiç?". Akerbeltz. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  16. ^ Abramson 1962; Kruatrachue 1960; Noss 1954; Noss 1964
  17. ^ Chirkova 2014
  • Silverman, Daniel; Blankenship, Barbara; Kirk, Paul; Ladefoged, Peter (1995), "Phonetic Structures in Jalapa Mazatec", Anthropological Linguistics, 37 (1), The Trustees of Indiana University: 70–88, JSTOR 30028043
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