荣耀升降机脱轨事故
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![]() 2017年行駛中的纜車車廂 | |
日期 | 2025年9月3日 |
---|---|
时间 | 约18:05(欧洲西部夏令时间) |
會場 | 荣耀升降机 |
地点 | 葡萄牙里斯本自由大马路 |
坐标 | 38°42′57.6″N 9°8′34.8″W / 38.716000°N 9.143000°W |
类型 | 脱轨事故 |
起因 | 纜繩鬆脫(據報) |
参与者 | 约40+ |
结果 | 建筑物受损,整节车厢损毁,多人伤亡 |
死亡 | 16 |
受伤 | 23 |
2025年9月3日,位于葡萄牙里斯本的荣耀升降机在晚高峰期间脱轨,造成16人死亡,23人受伤[1]。事後,葡萄牙政府宣佈9月4日為全國哀悼日。[2]
此為1963年5月28日,Cais do Sodré火車站倒塌,造成49死69傷之後,里斯本當地死傷最嚴重的交通事故[3]。
背景
[编辑]榮耀升降機是里斯本三條往复式地面缆车之一,每節車廂可載客43人,往返於上城與光复广场之間。[4][5] 其兩節車廂以牽引纜繩連接,依靠電力馬達驅動。[6] 路線全長約265米(870英尺),行駛於斜坡上。該設施於2002年被列為國家古蹟,是遊客與當地居民的重要交通工具。[7]
2018年5月7日,因車輪保養不足,一節車廂曾發生脫軌,無人受傷。[8]
里斯本升降機的維護自2011年起外包。最近一次公開招標於2022年進行,四家公司投標後,里斯本大眾運輸公司與「MAIN - Maintenance Engineering」公司簽約[9],合約價值100萬歐元,涵蓋比卡升降機(Bica)、拉夫拉升降機(Lavra)及聖胡斯塔升降機(Santa Justa)。據工會表示,員工曾多次反映「MAIN」公司的維修品質不良。[10]
事故發生前的最後一次維修於2024年8月26日至9月30日進行。[11]
事故經過
[编辑]
脫軌事故發生於9月3日當地時間18時05分,正值交通尖峰時段。[5]上行车厢撞擊建築後損毀。[12]目擊者稱,從坡底上行车厢先劇烈晃動後撞上人行道。當民眾試圖救援受困乘客時,坡頂车厢失控下滑並撞擊建築物。[13] 位於坡底的车厢雖未受損,但乘客在撞擊時從車窗跳離逃生。[6]
社群媒體影像顯示,事故後車廂扭曲變形側翻。[5]有报道指出,斷裂纜繩導致失控撞樓。[14]
遇难者和伤者
[编辑]事故发生时,车厢内载有逾40人。[15]事件共造成16人死亡、23人受伤。[16]脱轨车厢的制动员也在事故中丧生[17]。
国籍 | 死亡 | 受伤 |
---|---|---|
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5 | 5 |
![]() |
3 | – |
![]() |
2 | 1 |
![]() |
2 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
1 | 1 |
![]() |
– | 3 |
![]() |
– | 2 |
![]() |
– | 2 |
![]() |
– | 1 |
![]() |
– | 1 |
![]() |
– | 1 |
![]() |
– | 1 |
![]() |
– | 1 |
总计 | 16 | 23 |
事故原因調查
[编辑]葡萄牙航空和鐵路事故預防與調查辦公室(GPIAAF)在事故發生當天表示,将对事故展开调查[18],並在三天後公布了初步調查結果[19],事故起因源於一條鋼纜斷裂所致。此鋼纜位於涉事纜車1號車廂頂部,事發時該鋼纜突然斷裂,導致車廂以時速60公里向下滑行並脫軌。雖然操作員當時已立即啟動空氣制動與手動制動系統,但因系統設計限制,一旦失去該平衡鋼纜,便無法煞停車廂;由鋼纜斷裂滑行至車體翻覆停止,只有約50秒時間。
該斷裂的鋼纜安裝未滿一年,仍在規定使用期限內,且事故當天上午才完成例行目視檢查,未發現任何異常,事發前的檢查亦未發現纜索或煞車系統有問題[20]。
反应
[编辑]葡萄牙政府表示,该国将举行全国哀悼日,里斯本政府将举行三天哀悼仪式。[15]里斯本市議會宣布暫停全市纜車服務,並要求立即進行安全檢查。[21]
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Elevador da Glória. Proteção Civil corrige número de mortos para 16. RTP. 2025-09-04 (葡萄牙语).
- ^ 刘皓然. 李雨童 , 编. 伤亡近40人,脱轨原因仍在排查,葡萄牙为缆车事故遇难者全国哀悼. 环球时报. [2025-09-05]. (原始内容存档于2025-09-06) (中文(中国大陆)).
- ^ Descarrilamento do Elevador da Glória é o pior acidente em Lisboa do último meio século. visao.pt. 2025-09-03 (葡萄牙语).
- ^ What we know about fatal Lisbon funicular derailment. BBC News. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03].
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 At least 15 killed after Lisbon's iconic Gloria funicular derails. Sky News. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03].
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Ross, Alex; Whittaker, Rebecca. Death toll rises to 15 with many more injured after Lisbon's Gloria funicular derails: Latest updates. The Independent. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03].
- ^ Descarrilamento do elevador da Glória faz 15 mortos e 18 feridos em Lisboa [Elevator derailment kills 15 and injures 18 in Lisbon]. Radio France Internationale. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03] (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Cipriano, Carlos. O elevador da Glória descarrilou e ninguém disse nada. PÚBLICO. 2018-05-17 [2025-09-03] (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Maintenance of derailed tram is ensured "scrupulously" - PPulse. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-04] (英语).
president of Carris stated that the maintenance… has been undertaken by an external company, Main Energy, for 14 years, and an investigation is underway to determine if a maintenance issue was involved. “The maintenance protocol was scrupulously followed,” stated Brito Bogas, emphasizing that the last major maintenance of the Elevador da Glória occurred in 2022, with general maintenance scheduled every four years. The plan also includes weekly, monthly, and daily inspections, all of which were performed.
- ^ Martins, Ruben. Elevador da Glória: cabo de segurança partiu e originou acidente que provocou mortes. PÚBLICO. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2025-09-03) (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Moura dos Santos, António; Costa, Cátia Andrea. Em direto/ Elevador da Glória em Lisboa descarrilou após cabo partir-se. PSP confirma que há mortos e Marcelo quer que acidente "seja rapidamente esclarecido". Observador. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2025-09-03) (欧洲葡萄牙语).
- ^ Descarrilamento do elevador da Glória fez 15 mortos e 18 feridos. Governo decreta luto nacional [The Glória elevator derailment killed 15 people and injured 18. The government declared national mourning.]. Contacto. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03] (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Whittaker, Rebecca. Passengers on Lisbon's Gloria funicular 'screamed with fear', fear. The Independent. [2025-09-04].
- ^ Atkinson, Emily; Lowen, Mark. At least fifteen dead after Lisbon's historic funicular derails. BBC News. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03] (英语).
- ^ 15.0 15.1 15 mortos. PSP confirma balanço trágico do acidente com Elevador da Glória [15 dead. PSP confirms tragic toll of Glória Elevator accident]. RTP. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03] (葡萄牙语).
- ^ PJ confirma nacionalidades das 16 vítimas mortais do Elevador da Glória. Notícias ao Minuto. 2025-09-05 [2025-09-05] (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Jemma Crew & Doug Faulkner. Lisbon funicular worker among those killed in crash. BBC. [2025-09-05].
- ^ 15 mortos em descarrilamento no Elevador da Glória. 18 feridos: 5 em estado grave, 13 ligeiros (incluindo uma criança de 3 anos). Decretado luto nacional. CNN Portugal. 2025-09-03 [2025-09-03]. (原始内容存档于2025-09-03) (葡萄牙语).
- ^ Publicação de Nota Informativa. GPIAAF. 2025-09-06 (葡萄牙语).
- ^ 葡萄牙纜車慘劇初步分析:斷纜與系統設計雙重因素. 平台媒體. 2025-09-07.
- ^ Hatton, Barry. Famed streetcar in Lisbon, Portugal, derails and crashes, killing 15 people. Associated Press. 2025-09-04 [2025-09-04].