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Federation

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A federation is a union of a number of self-governing states or regions, which are joined together under a central government. The central government is not able to do a lot of things that central government in more centralized states can. These things are done by the states (or regions) in a federalized state.

The United States of America is a federation. The federal (central) government has the highest executive role. However, state governments can exercise any powers as long as those powers are not assigned to the federal government (by the United States Constitution) and if those powers are not prohibited by the states themselves.

Australia became a Federation in 1901.

After the 1971 civil war, Pakistan became a Federation adopted in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan.

Other examples of federal states are Austria, Belgium (since 1993), Canada, Germany, Russia and Switzerland.

List of constituents by federation

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The federated units in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it. [source?]

FederationFederated unitsOther units
 Argentina[1] 23 provinces:
1 autonomous city:
 Australia[2] 6 states:
3 internal territories:
7 external territories:
 Austria[3] 9 states:
 Belgium[4] 3 regions:[B]
3 communities:[C]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 entities:[D]
1 self-governing district:
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is itself a federation of 10 cantons:
 Brazil[6] 26 states:
1 federal district:
 Canada[7] 10 provinces:
3 territories:
 Ethiopia[8] 12 regions:
2 chartered cities:
 Germany[9] 16 states:
 India[10] 28 states:
8 union territories:
 Iraq[11] 18 (official) governorates:
1 federal region:
  •  Kurdistan Region[G] (overlaps the area of Duhok, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah—including Halabja—governorates)
 Malaysia[12] 13 states:
3 federal territories:
 Mexico[13] 31 states:
1 autonomous city:
 Micronesia[14] 4 states:
   Nepal 7 provinces:
 Nigeria[15] 36 states:
1 territory:
 Pakistan[16] 4 provinces:
2 autonomous territories:[D]
1 federal territory:

 Islamabad Capital Territory[A]

 Russia[17][18] 45 oblasts:
20 republics:[D]
9 krais:
4 autonomous okrugs:[D]
2 federal cities:
1 autonomous oblast:[D]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1 autonomous island:
Saint Kitts:
 Somalia[19][20] 6 federal member states:[H]
 South Sudan 10 states:[21]
3 administrative areas:[21]
 Sudan[22] 18 states:
1 special administrative status area:[23]
  Switzerland[24] 26 cantons:
 United Arab Emirates[25] 7 emirates:
 United States[26] 50 states:
1 federal district:
1 incorporated territory:
13 unincorporated territories:
  •  American Samoa
  •  Guam
  •  Northern Mariana Islands
  •  Puerto Rico
  •  U.S. Virgin Islands
  • Minor outlying islands:
 Venezuela[27] 23 states:

Argentina

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Salta

Argentina is divided into 23 provinces (provincias; singular: provincia), and 1 city (commonly known as capital federal):

  1. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires*
  2. Buenos Aires (Province)
  3. Catamarca
  4. Chaco
  5. Chubut
  6. Córdoba
  7. Corrientes
  8. Entre Ríos
  9. Formosa
  10. Jujuy
  11. La Pampa
  12. La Rioja
  1. Mendoza
  2. Misiones
  3. Neuquén
  4. Río Negro
  5. Salta
  6. San Juan
  7. San Luis
  8. Santa Cruz
  9. Santa Fe
  10. Santiago del Estero
  11. Tierra del Fuego
  12. Tucumán

Australia

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MapVictoria
Map
Areas AbbreviationCapital
 New South Wales NSWSydney
 Queensland QLDBrisbane
 South Australia SAAdelaide
 Tasmania TASHobart
 Victoria VICMelbourne
 Western Australia WAPerth

Territories

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Mainland

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Territory AbbreviationCapital
 Australian Capital Territory ACTCanberra
 Jervis Bay Territory JBT
 Northern Territory NTDarwin

From 1926 to 1931, Central Australia existed as a separate territory between the 20th and 26th parallels of latitude, before being becoming a part of the Northern Territory again.

Overseas territories

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Australian overseas territories
Official flag State
(Bundesland)		 German name Location Population
(2021)		 Area (km²) Density
(p./km²)		 Capital
Burgenland Burgenland 296,000 3,965 75 Eisenstadt
Carinthia Kärnten 562,000 9,537 59 Klagenfurt
Lower Austria Niederösterreich 1,691,000 19,180 88 Sankt Pölten
Salzburg(erland) Salzburg 561,000 7,155 78 Salzburg
Styria Steiermark 1,247,000 16,399 76 Graz
Tyrol Tirol 760,000 12,648 60 Innsbruck
Upper Austria Oberösterreich 1,496,000 11,983 125 Linz
Vienna Wien 1,921,000 415 4,629 Vienna (Wien)
Vorarlberg Vorarlberg 399,000 2,602 153 Bregenz
Province Antwerp Limburg Flemish Brabant East Flanders West Flanders
Dutch name Antwerpen Limburg Vlaams Brabant Oost-Vlaanderen West-Vlaanderen
French name Anvers Limbourg Brabant flamand Flandre orientale Flandre occidentale
German name Antwerpen Limburg Flämisch-Brabant Ostflandern Westflandern
Location Province of Antwerp Province of Limburg Province of Flemish Brabant Province of East Flanders Province of West Flanders
Flag
Coat of Arms
HASC[28] BE.AN BE.LI BE.VB BE.OV BE.WV
FIPS[28] BE01 BE05 BE12 BE08 BE09
ISO 3166-2 VAN VLI VBR VOV VWV
Postal codes 2000-2999 3500-3999 1500-1999, 3000-3499 9000-9999 8000-8999
Area 2860 km²
21.15% of Flanders
9.38% of Belgium		 2414 km²
17.85% of Flanders
7.92% of Belgium		 2106 km²
15.57% of Flanders
6.91% of Belgium		 2982.24 km²
22.12% of Flanders
9.81% of Belgium		 3151 km²
23.30% of Flanders
10.33% of Belgium
Highest point Beerzelberg (55 m) Remersdaal (288 m) Walshoutem (137 m) Hottondberg (150 m)[29]
Pottelberg (157 m)[30]		 Kemmelberg (156 m)
Subdivisions 3 Arrondissements
70 municipalities
 3 Arrondissements
44 municipalities
 2 Arrondissements
65 municipalities
 6 Arrondissements
65 municipalities
 8 Arrondissements
64 municipalities
Capital[28] Antwerpen Hasselt Leuven Gent Brugge
Population 1,682,683
28% of Flanders		 805,786
13% of Flanders		 1,037,786
17% of Flanders		 1,389,199
23% of Flanders		 1,130,040
19% of Flanders
Density 587 / km² 333 / km² 493 / km² 459 / km² 362 / km²
Governor Cathy Berx Herman Reynders Lode De Witte Jan Briers Carl Decaluwé
Government N-VA, CD&V, sp.a CD&V, sp.a-Groen, Open Vld CD&V, Open Vld, sp.a., Groen CD&V, Open Vld, sp.a CD&V, sp.a, Open Vld
Website Official page Official page Archived 1996-12-24 at the Wayback Machine Official page Archived 2006-08-09 at the Wayback Machine Official page Official page
Province Hainaut Walloon Brabant Namur Liège Luxembourg
French name Hainaut Brabant wallon Namur Liège Luxembourg
German name Hennegau Wallonisch-Brabant Namur Lüttich Luxemburg
Dutch name Henegouwen Waals Brabant Namen Luik Luxemburg
Location Province of Hainaut Province of Walloon Brabant Province of Namur Province of Liège Province of Luxembourg
Flag
Coat of Arms
HASC[28] BE.HT BE.BW BE.NA BE.LG BE.LX
FIPS[28] BE03 BE10 BE07 BE04 BE06
Area 3800 km²
22.56% of Wallonia
12.44% of Belgium		 1093 km²
6.49% of Wallonia
3.58% of Belgium		 3664 km²
21.75% of Wallonia
11.99% of Belgium		 3844 km²
22.82% of Wallonia
12.58% of Belgium		 4443 km²
26.38% of Wallonia
14.54% of Belgium
Subdivisions 7 Arrondissements
69 municipalities
 1 Arrondissement
27 municipalities
 3 Arrondissements
38 municipalities
 4 Arrondissements
84 municipalities
 5 Arrondissements
44 municipalities
Capital[28] Mons Wavre Namur Liège Arlon
Population 1,309,880
37% of Wallonia		 379,515
11% of Wallonia		 472,281
13% of Wallonia		 1,067,685
31% of Wallonia		 269,023
8% of Wallonia
Density 345 / km² 347 / km² 129 / km² 277 / km² 60 / km²
Governor Tommy Leclercq Gilles Mahieu Denis Mathen Hervé Jamar Olivier Schmitz
Government PS, MR MR, PS MR, cdH PS, MR cdH, PS
Website Official page Official page Official page Official page Official page Archived 2011-02-16 at the Wayback Machine

Because the German-speaking Community is found in the Province of Liège, people want a third province: the Province of Eupen-Sankt Vith, which would be made up of the 9 municipalities of the German-speaking Community.

Center-West Region

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Federal capital district, region or territory.
  2. ↑ Flanders and Wallonia are subdivided into five provinces each, which are mandated by the Constitution of Belgium. Provincial governance is the responsibility of the regional governments.
  3. ↑ The communities and regions of Belgium are separate government institutions with different areas of responsibility. The communities are organized based on linguistic boundaries, which are different from regional boundaries.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 autonomous area
  5. ↑ The Brazilian federal district has a level of self-ruling equal to the other main federal units.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sovereignty over territory actively disputed by another sovereign state or the international community.
  7. ↑ Has the authority to manage its internal affairs, provided it does not conflict with the provisions of the constitution of Iraq and/or the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal government.
  8. ↑ Adopted constitution accommodates existing regional governments, with the ultimate number and boundaries of the Federal Member States to be determined by the House of the People of the Federal Parliament.

References

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  1. ↑ Daniel, Kate; Special Broadcasting Service Corporation (2008). SBS World Guide: The Complete Fact File on Every Country, 16th ed. Prahran, Victoria, Australia: Hardie Grant Books. p. 827. ISBN 978-1-74066-648-0. p26. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  2. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p38
  3. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p46
  4. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p74
  5. ↑ "Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on Canton 10". Constitutional Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  6. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p101
  7. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p132
  8. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p239
  9. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p275
  10. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p328
  11. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p346
  12. ↑ "CONSTITUTION (AMENDMENT) ACT 2022" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. January 25, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2023. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  13. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p481
  14. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p486
  15. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p537
  16. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p549
  17. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p600
  18. ↑ "Chapter 3. The Federal Structure: Article 65". The Constitution of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2010-07-11.
  19. ↑ "The Federal Republic of Somalia – Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Republic of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  20. ↑ "Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution". Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  21. 1 2 Mednick, Sam (2020-02-23). "After 6 years of war, will peace finally come to South Sudan? | News". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
  22. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p687
  23. ↑ "Sudan: Protocol on the resolution of Abyei conflict – Sudan". ReliefWeb. 26 May 2004. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
  24. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p700
  25. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p760
  26. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p774
  27. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p798
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Province of Belgium". statoids.com.
  29. ↑ "Hottondberg". peakbagger.com.
  30. ↑ "Oost-Vlaanderen". vakantielandbelgie.nl. Archived from the original on 2009-06-03. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
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