ความร้อนที่ทำให้หลอมรวมกันของธาตุ (หน้าข้อมูล)
หน้าตา
บทความนี้ต้องการข้อความอธิบายความสำคัญที่กระชับ และสรุปเนื้อหาไว้ย่อหน้าแรกของบทความ |
| ธาตุ | กิโลจูล/โมล | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| use | CRC | LNG | WELL | |
| 1 H ไฮโดรเจน (H2) | (H2) 0.117 | (H2) 0.12 | (H2) 0.117 | (per mol H atoms) 0.558 |
| 2 He ฮีเลียม | 0.0138 | 0.0138 | 0.02 | |
| 3 Li ลิเทียม | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.0 |
| 4 Be เบริลเลียม | 7.895 | 7.895 | 7.895 | 7.95 |
| 5 B โบรอน | 50.2 | 50.2 | 50.2 | 50 |
| 6 C คาร์บอน (แกรไฟต์) | (แกรไฟต์) 117 | (แกรไฟต์) 117 | (แกรไฟต์) 117 | |
| 7 N ไนโตรเจน (N2) | (N2) 0.720 | (N2) 0.71 | (N2) 0.720 | (per mol N atoms) 0.36 |
| 8 O ออกซิเจน (O2) | (O2) 0.444 | (O2) 0.44 | (O2) 0.444 | (per mol O atoms) 0.222 |
| 9 F ฟลูออรีน (F2) | (F2) 0.510 | (F2) 0.51 | (F2) 0.510 | (per mol F atoms) 0.26 |
| 10 Ne นีออน | 0.335 | 0.328 | 0.335 | 0.34 |
| 11 Na โซเดียม | 2.60 | 2.60 | 2.60 | 2.60 |
| 12 Mg แมกนีเซียม | 8.48 | 8.48 | 8.48 | 8.7 |
| 13 Al aluminium | 10.71 | 10.789 | 10.71 | 10.7 |
| 14 Si silicon | 50.21 | 50.21 | 50.21 | 50.2 |
| 15 P phosphorus | 0.66 | (white) 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.64 |
| 16 S sulfur | (mono) 1.727 | (mono) 1.72 | (mono) 1.727 | 1.73 |
| 17 Cl chlorine (Cl2) | (Cl2) 6.406 | (Cl2) 6.40 | (Cl2) 6.406 | (per mol Cl atoms) 3.2 |
| 18 Ar argon | 1.18 | 1.18 | 1.12 | 1.18 |
| 19 K potassium | 2.321 | 2.33 | 2.321 | 2.33 |
| 20 Ca calcium | 8.54 | 8.54 | 8.54 | 8.54 |
| 21 Sc scandium | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 16 |
| 22 Ti titanium | 14.15 | 14.15 | 14.15 | 18.7 |
| 23 V vanadium | 21.5 | 21.5 | 21.5 | 22.8 |
| 24 Cr chromium | 21.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 20.5 |
| 25 Mn manganese | 12.91 | 12.91 | 12.9 | 13.2 |
| 26 Fe iron | 13.81 | 13.81 | 13.81 | 13.8 |
| 27 Co cobalt | 16.06 | 16.06 | 16.2 | 16.2 |
| 28 Ni nickel | 17.48 | 17.04 | 17.48 | 17.2 |
| 29 Cu copper | 13.26 | 12.93 | 13.26 | 13.1 |
| 30 Zn zinc | 7.32 | 7.068 | 7.32 | 7.35 |
| 31 Ga gallium | 5.59 | 5.576 | 5.59 | 5.59 |
| 32 Ge germanium | 36.94 | 36.94 | 36.94 | 31.8 |
| 33 As arsenic | (gray) 24.44 | (gray) 24.44 | 24.44 | 27.7 |
| 34 Se selenium | (gray) 6.69 | (gray) 6.69 | 6.69 | 5.4 |
| 35 Br bromine (Br2) | (Br2) 10.57 | (Br2) 10.57 | (Br2) 10.57 | (per mol Br atoms) 5.8 |
| 36 Kr krypton | 1.64 | 1.64 | 1.37 | 1.64 |
| 37 Rb rubidium | 2.19 | 2.19 | 2.19 | 2.19 |
| 38 Sr strontium | 7.43 | 7.43 | 7.43 | 8 |
| 39 Y yttrium | 11.42 | 11.4 | 11.42 | 11.4 |
| 40 Zr zirconium | 14 | |||
| เก็บถาวร 2009-05-07 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน | 13.96 ± 0.36 | 21.00 | 21.00 | 21 |
| 41 Nb niobium | 30 | 30 | 30 | 26.8 |
| 42 Mo molybdenum | 37.48 | 37.48 | 37.48 | 36 |
| 43 Tc technetium | 33.29 | 33.29 | 33.29 | 23 |
| 44 Ru ruthenium | 38.59 | 38.59 | 38.59 | 25.7 |
| 45 Rh rhodium | 26.59 | 26.59 | 26.59 | 21.7 |
| 46 Pd palladium | 16.74 | 16.74 | 16.74 | 16.7 |
| 47 Ag silver | 11.28 | 11.28 | 11.95 | 11.3 |
| 48 Cd cadmium | 6.21 | 6.21 | 6.19 | 6.3 |
| 49 In indium | 3.281 | 3.281 | 3.28 | 3.26 |
| 50 Sn tin | (white) 7.03 | (white) 7.173 | (white) 7.03 | 7.0 |
| 51 Sb antimony | 19.79 | 19.79 | 19.87 | 19.7 |
| 52 Te tellurium | 17.49 | 17.49 | 17.49 | 17.5 |
| 53 I iodine (I2) | (I2) 15.52 | (I2) 15.52 | (I2) 150.66 [sic] | (per mol I atoms) 7.76 |
| 54 Xe xenon | 2.27 | 2.27 | 1.81 | 2.30 |
| 55 Cs caesium | 2.09 | 2.09 | 2.09 | 2.09 |
| 56 Ba barium | 7.12 | 7.12 | 7.12 | 8.0 |
| 57 La lanthanum | 6.20 | 6.20 | 6.20 | 6.2 |
| 58 Ce cerium | 5.46 | 5.46 | 5.46 | 5.5 |
| 59 Pr praseodymium | 6.89 | 6.89 | 6.89 | 6.9 |
| 60 Nd neodymium | 7.14 | 7.14 | 7.14 | 7.1 |
| 61 Pm promethium | 7.13 | 7.13 | about 7.7 | |
| 62 Sm samarium | 8.62 | 8.62 | 8.62 | 8.6 |
| 63 Eu europium | 9.21 | 9.21 | 9.21 | 9.2 |
| 64 Gd gadolinium | 10.05 | 10.0 | 10.05 | 10.0 |
| 65 Tb terbium | 10.15 | 10.15 | 10.15 | 10.8 |
| 66 Dy dysprosium | 11.06 | 11.06 | 11.06 | 11.1 |
| 67 Ho holmium | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.8 | 17.0 |
| 68 Er erbium | 19.90 | 19.9 | 19.90 | 19.9 |
| 69 Tm thulium | 16.84 | 16.84 | 16.84 | 16.8 |
| 70 Yb ytterbium | 7.66 | 7.66 | 7.66 | 7.7 |
| 71 Lu lutetium | ca. 22 | 22 | (22) | about 22 |
| 72 Hf hafnium | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 25.5 |
| 73 Ta tantalum | 36.57 | 36.57 | 36.57 | 36 |
| 74 W tungsten | 52.31 | 52.31 | 52.31 | 35 |
| 75 Re rhenium | 60.43 | 60.43 | 60.43 | 33 |
| 76 Os osmium | 57.85 | 57.85 | 57.85 | 31 |
| 77 Ir iridium | 41.12 | 41.12 | 41.12 | 26 |
| 78 Pt platinum | 22.17 | 22.17 | 22.17 | 20 |
| 79 Au gold | 12.55 | 12.72 | 12.55 | 12.5 |
| 80 Hg mercury | 2.29 | 2.29 | 2.29 | 2.29 |
| 81 Tl thallium | 4.14 | 4.14 | 4.14 | 4.2 |
| 82 Pb lead | 4.77 | 4.782 | 4.77 | 4.77 |
| 83 Bi bismuth | 11.30 | 11.145 | 11.30 | 10.9 |
| 84 Po polonium | ca. 13 | about 13 | ||
| 85 At astatine | (per mol At atoms) about 6 | |||
| 86 Rn radon | 3.247 | 3.247 | 3 | |
| 87 Fr francium | ca. 2 | about 2 | ||
| 88 Ra radium | 8.5 | 8.5 | about 8 | |
| 89 Ac actinium | 14 | 14 | ||
| 90 Th thorium | 13.81 | 13.81 | 13.81 | 16 |
| 91 Pa protactinium | 12.34 | 12.34 | 12.34 | 15 |
| 92 U uranium | 9.14 | 9.14 | 9.14 | 14 |
| 93 Np neptunium | 3.20 | 3.20 | 3.20 | 10 |
| 94 Pu plutonium | 2.82 | 2.82 | 2.82 | |
| 95 Am americium | 14.39 | 14.39 | 14.39 | |
หมายเหตุ
[แก้]- Values refer to the enthalpy change between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the melting point (normal, 101.325 kPa).
อ้างอิง
[แก้]- David R. Lide (ed) , CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Enthalpy of Fusion
- J.A. Dean (ed) , Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition) , McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6, Thermodynamic Properties; Table 6.4, Heats of Fusion, Vaporization, and Sublimation and Specific Heat at Various Temperatures of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
- G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
- D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
- H. Ellis (Ed.) in Nuffield Advanced Science Book of Data, Longman, London, UK, 1972.