瓦爾達爾攻勢
外观
瓦爾達爾攻勢(保加利亞語:Офанзива при Вардар)是第一次世界大战期間的軍事行動,發生於巴爾幹戰線的最後階段,交戰雙方分別是德斯佩雷將軍指揮的協約國聯軍與朔爾茨將軍指揮的保德聯軍。9月15日,法軍為首的協約國聯軍進攻多布羅峰的保加利亞軍陣地,輔以先前砲火攻擊,致保加利亞軍的士氣大幅下滑,最終潰敗。
9月18日,英軍與希軍向多伊蘭湖附近的保加利亞軍發動第二次進攻,但保加利亞軍有效地操作機關槍和砲火,阻滯了協約國繼續在多伊蘭地區推進。然而保加利亞軍因多布羅峰戰線崩潰不得不撤出多伊蘭,協約國軍追擊德國第十一軍團與保加利亞第一軍團,同時深入瓦尔达尔马其顿地區。至9月29日,聯軍攻佔德國第十一軍團的舊總部斯科普里,致該軍團殘部陷入危險。
與此同時,保加利亞境內爆發反君主制的拉多米爾起義,迫使其簽署《薩羅尼卡停戰協定》並退出戰爭。該條約規定第十一軍團全面投降,最終保加利亞和德國戰俘人數達到77,000人,協約國亦繳獲500門火砲。保加利亞之敗亡令同盟國本就惡劣的作戰局勢更加危急,其南方戰線瀕臨崩潰。9月30日午,停火協議的生效,馬其頓戰線宣告結束。
引用
[编辑]註釋
[编辑]註腳
[编辑]- ^ Thomas & Babac 2001,第12-13頁.
- ^ Korsun 1939,第95頁.
- ^ Omiridis Skylitzes 1961,第224頁.
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